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Tobacco product waste extends beyond cigarette butts to include smokeless products, cigar remnants, packaging materials, and the refuse associated with electronic nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems

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To add complexity to investigating health effects of e-vapor products, there are no harmonized, preclinical testing methodologies, including e-vapor aerosol generation and characterization, making comparison of findings from different studies difficult ( In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to evaluate to toxicity of flavors via inhalation, utilizing the read-across and a flavor toolbox concepts